Science News reports on crucial research and discovery across science disciplines. Artificial partisan advantage in redistricting. That new map will stand for only a short time, though. Scientists and journalists share a core belief in questioning, observing and verifying to reach the truth. Six states use advisory commissions to draw state legislative districts. One such approach is the median-mean difference test. There are more than 800,000 more registered Democrats in the state than Republicans. “That’s what the community of experts would prefer,” he says.
Our electoral districts have really weird shapes.
The physical impact of gerrymandering can be seen on any map of congressional districts. In 2011, lawmakers drew maps largely behind closed doors without researchers present — resulting in a decade of lawsuits, he says. In North Carolina, a Republican in charge of the redistricting process openly admitted that the reason they drew the map to give Republicans a 10-3 advantage in Congress was because it was not possible to draw a map that gave Republicans more seats. M.D. And you should dig a little bit deeper into the squiggly ones to see if they’re actually bad.”.
Esta práctica se realiza cada 10 años y la próxima está prevista para 2021. The Supreme Court followed up in 2015 by saying states could form independent, nonpartisan commissions to redraw legislative and congressional boundaries. Por ejemplo, un gobernador, sabiendo mediante encuestas a qué candidatos eligen los votantes en función de dónde vivan, puede decidir unificar o separar un distrito determinado para maximizar sus propios resultados y minimizar los del adversario. Gerry fue vicepresidente de la Casa Blanca y gobernador del estado de Massachusetts. His research showed a much more purple state, with a 7–6 or 6–7 party split arising in the majority of those alternative maps. The Boston Gazette ran a cartoon of the “Gerrymander” and the rest is history. Protesters (shown) demanded an end to gerrymandering. What the Deuce is Gerrymandering? The blue ruling party created one all-red district, and three majority blue districts. The analysis offered concrete evidence that Republicans were concerned with partisan advantage over other factors when they drew the state’s congressional map. “That’s what I would advocate for.”, Questions or comments on this article? Este busca la manipulación de los distritos electorales para hacer más difícil la representación política de los grupos minoritarios, por ejemplo, los negros o los hispanos en Estados Unidos. Partisan gerrymandering and the efficiency gap. Brian Amos, a redistricting expert at the University of Florida, found in his analysis that President Donald Trump would beat Hillary Clinton in 12 of the state’s 18 electoral districts ― the same results that would have happened under the old plan. Stephanopoulos and E.M. McGhee. The project, orchestrated by Republicans using sophisticated software and about $30 million, was called REDMAP, for Redistricting Majority Project. Puede ser usado para mejorar o empeorar los resultados de un determinado partido político o grupo étnico, lingüístico, religioso o de clase. In 26 states, which account for 85 percent of U.S. congressional districts, as many as 17 Republicans in the House of Representatives owe their seats to gerrymandering. Un grupo de periodistas fueron los encargados de bautizar esta técnica con el nombre de “gerrymandering”, una mezcla entre el nombre del político (Gerry) y la palabra salamander (salamandra, en inglés), en relación a la silueta parecida a la de este animal que terminó adoptando el nuevo distrito electoral. While racial gerrymandering is against the law, partisan gerrymandering is legal and rampant in many US state, ... District maps that have been created by independent redistricting commissions in other states have resulted in more competitive districts than those that are created by state legislatures. Justice Anthony Kennedy expressed concerns about that particular test, saying it was unclear how much bias was too much. A party’s mean vote share comes from averaging vote shares across all districts in a state. PlanScore, a nonpartisan group of legal, political and mapping experts, has shown how the various symmetry tests can be used in tandem to flag possible gerrymandering. “And if you can’t, maybe that indicates that there’s something more nefarious in mind.”.
By removing the federal court system from gerrymandering cases, the Supreme Court left the issue to the states, a charge a North Carolina state court quickly took up in Harper v. Lewis. The last round a decade ago raised eyebrows, most notably for districts drawn in Michigan, North Carolina and Pennsylvania. Eguia. E-mail us at feedback@sciencenews.org. In the median-mean test, the median Republican vote share was 5.8 percent higher than its mean vote share.
In Pennsylvania, there is Goofy kicking Donald Duck. “The eyeball test is no good,” says Jonathan Katz, a political scientist and statistician at Caltech.
And a small cadre of researchers is now ready to serve as expert witnesses in those cases, Eguia says. There’s a lot of complaining about gerrymandering, but what should districts look like?
Now, the state Supreme Court is likely to draw a fairer map.
“When you don’t have a representative with clear communities behind them, it is much easier for them to fall back on rough proxies of Democrats or Republicans in order to figure out whether we like what they’re doing or not,” he said. 82, p. 831, 2015.
Countries such as the U.K., Australia, Canada and most of those in Europe have transferred responsibility for defining constituency boundaries to neutral or cross-party bodies.
Lo consigue agrupando zonas en las que se concentre el voto a favor de su partido y dispersando el voto del partido contrario en varios distritos.
U.S. states redraw their district lines every 10 years to adjust for changing demographics picked up by the national census. During oral argument at the Supreme Court, lawyers for Pennsylvania Republicans didn’t attempt to offer an explanation for their congressional map other than partisan intent. In most cases, the process of drawing congressional and legislative boundaries is left to state legislatures. The University of Chicago Law Review. The party that controls the maps can grab power through packing or cracking. It's Not As Easy As You Think To Spot A Gerrymandered Map.
Programación TV: ¿Qué ver hoy sábado 7 de noviembre en televisión? Meanwhile, census watchers worry that the Trump administration’s recent decision to move the completion deadline for the population count from October 31 to September 30 could lead to undercounts among hard-to-reach groups, thereby affecting the placement of district boundaries. Brennan Center for Justice at New York University School of Law. Instead, asymmetries can also arise from natural variations in where voters live. The issue of gerrymandering was weaving through the federal courts until June 2019, when the Supreme Court ruled 5–4 in Rucho v. Common Cause that partisan gerrymandering fell outside federal jurisdiction.
Part of HuffPost Politics. Gerrymandering reduces the number of competitive congressional races across the United States by segregating like-minded … Advances in technology and statistical modeling now provide a powerful set of tools that can be used to study electoral districts. Some states also prohibit legislative staffers and lobbyists, as well. By Aaron Bycoffe, Ella Koeze, David Wasserman and Julia Wolfe, There’s a lot of complaining about gerrymandering, but what should districts look like? The upcoming mapmaking process doesn’t have to repeat the mistakes of a decade ago, he adds. The Supreme Court’s recent 5-4 decision not to intervene in two partisan gerrymandering cases obviously has ramifications for redistricting and future congressional elections.. Goofy kicking Donald Duck was gone, but analysis of the new plan shows that the redrawn districts would benefit Republicans. Many boundaries zig and zag east and west, north and south across city, township and county lines as if for no reason at all. view the interactive tool by clicking on the map.
Today is National Voter Registration Day! 2016 election: Tuesday, November 8, 2016. Each map has a different goal: One is designed to encourage competitive elections, for example, and another to maximize the number of majority-minority districts. A state court struck down the maps from 2016 and 2018 that created only three Democratic-leaning districts (blue).
Each party should have about the same number of wasted votes in an election.
That discrepancy suggests partisan gerrymandering. The state court relied on much of the same evidence presented in Rucho. To Levitt, one has to look beyond shape and to lawmakers’ rationale in order to assess a gerrymander. DistrictMojo has created an interactive tool that identifies the most gerrymandered congressional districts and has an accompanying post on “Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Gerrymandering“. The way we draw districts is about something much deeper than shape, Levitt said. The approach is increasingly used, alongside other tests, to ferret out alleged gerrymandering. In cracking, politicians spread voters from the opposing party across districts, blocking them from gaining a majority. that were more fair than the one Republicans put in place. Here’s how. In March 2019, the U.S. Supreme Court heard expert testimony on how to test for partisan skew in the way district maps are drawn. That would cut through the African-American community,” McDonald said. The complexity of diagnosing a gerrymander is currently on display in Pennsylvania, where top Republicans released a proposed fix for the state’s congressional map on Friday. Along with every other state, North Carolina will go through redistricting again in 2021 after the census tallies are in. Vol. The purpose of gerrymandering is to grant one party power over another by creating districts that hold dense concentrations of voters who are favorable to their policies. Do you have information you want to share with HuffPost?
To keep politics and the potential for gerrymandering out of the process, state lawmakers and public officials are prohibited from serving on the commissions.
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