Even before the United States had a chance to launch its own or 183.9 pounds, and took about 98 minutes to orbit Earth on its elliptical path. These collections are not meant to be exhaustive; they are meant to get researchers started in the right direction. Sputnik and the Dawn of the Space Age. The Eisnhower Library has many original documents regarding the US response to Sputnik online. Its name means "traveling companion" in Russian. Sputnik, any of a series of three artificial Earth satellites, the first of whose launch by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957, inaugurated the space age. Future US, Inc. 11 West 42nd Street, 15th Floor, Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite launched, was a 83.6-kg (184-pound) capsule. The launch of Sputnik 1 didn't go entirely to plan. It was an event that galvanized the world and spurred the fledgling U.S. space effort into high gear. May 18, 1969: Apollo 10 launches for lunar landing dress rehearsal. The Cold War got hot when the Soviets successfully launched the first satellite into space. It wasn't actually a year but rather more like 18 months, set from July 1, 1957, to December 31, 1958. History changed on October 4, 1957, when the Soviet Union successfully launched Sputnik I. Please deactivate your ad blocker in order to see our subscription offer, Howard Sochurek/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty, Ralph Morse/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty, Find out how to celebrate World Space Week 2020 here, Sputnik: How the World's 1st Artificial Satellite Worked (Infographic), Watch live today! Scientists knew that cycles of solar activity would be at a high point at this time. That launch ushered in new political, military, technological, and scientific developments. You will receive a verification email shortly. Up Next. Long before Neil Armstrong walked on the… To Americans who had spent the 1950s on a frenzied hunt for Communists, Sputnik—Russian for ‘fellow traveler’—was a sure sign that their archenemies were bent on global domination. Join our Space Forums to keep talking space on the latest missions, night sky and more! On November 3, 1957, less than a month after they inaugurated the Space Age, the Soviet Union took the next big step with the launch of Sputnik 2. Watch later. 2 The Soviet Union had falsely claimed via its state organ Pravda that a rendezvous of The successful launch came as a shock to experts and citizens in the United States, who had hoped that the United States would accomplish this scientific advancement first. The Russian word "Sputnik" means "companion" ("satellite" in the astronomical sense). The 183-pound (83-kilogram) spacecraft whipped around the Earth every 98 minutes, transmitting a series of beeps. There was a problem. While the Sputnik launch was a single event, it marked the start of the space age and the U.S.-U.S.S.R space race. Document Title: "Announcement of the First Satellite," from Pravada, October 5, 1957, F.J. Krieger, Behind the Sputniks (Washington, DC: Public Affairs Press, 1958), pp. The successful launch shocked the world, giving the former Soviet Union the distinction of putting the first human-made object into space. Sputnik, 1957. Shopping. New York, Tap to unmute. The Council adopted a resolution in October 1954 calling for The Sputnik 1 spacecraft was the first artificial satellite successfully placed in orbit around the Earth and was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome at Tyuratam (370 km southwest of the small town of Baikonur) in Kazakhstan, then part of the former Soviet Union. Sputnik 1, Earth's First Artificial Satellite. 311-12. On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched the earth's first artificial satellite, Sputnik I. On this day in 1957, humans sent their first satellite into space. Sputnik 1 orbited the Earth for 21 days, circling around the globe every 96.2 minutes. Then history intervened. “But I estimate that Vanguard 1 will remain in orbit for several hundred, if not a thousand years.” Soviet scientist Leonid Sedov, who created the Sputnik 1, helps to cut a rocket-shaped cake at the International Astronautical Conference in Barcelona a few days after the satellite launched in October of 1957. That simple little beep, beep, beep was the sound that started the Space Race. Read on below to see photos of Sputnik and its legacy! The Launch of Sputnik, 1957. Sputnik was in the form of a sphere, 23 inches (58 centimeters) in diameter and pressurized with nitrogen. This was the first artificial satellite any nation sent out of the Earth. No one who was alive at that time can forget the electricity of the moment when humans first lofted a satellite into orbit. This was the first human-made satellite. The spacecraft, named Sputnik after the Russian Visit our corporate site. Get breaking space news and the latest updates on rocket launches, skywatching events and more! On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union sent the beach ball-sized satellite, Sputnik 1 into space. On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union stunned everyone by launching the world's first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1. Sputnik 1 launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on Oct. 4, 1957. A Soviet technician works on Sputnik 1 before the satellite's Oct. 4, 1957 launch. Thank you for signing up to Space. If playback doesn't begin shortly, try restarting your device. The fact that the Soviets were successful fed fears that the U.S. military had generally fallen behind in developing new technology. The satellite was launched from what is now called the Baikonur Cosmodrome on Oct. 4, 1957. The successful launch came as a shock to experts and citizens in the United States, who had hoped that the United States would accomplish this scientific advancement first. or 183.9 pounds, and took about 98 minutes to orbit Earth on its elliptical path. Space is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. Copy link. Over a decade after the Megaroc proposal, true orbital space flight, both uncrewed and crewed, was developed by the Soviet Union and the United States during the Cold War, in a competition dubbed the Space Race. (tip: use the filter on the left hand side to narrow your results. Launched May 15, 1958, by the Soviet Union, it made and transmitted measurements of the pressure and composition of Earth's upper atmosphere, the concentration of charged particles, and the influx of primary cosmic rays. Updated February 04, 2020. Share. That launch ushered in new political, military, technological, and … Image and Video library On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched the earth’s first artificial satellite, Sputnik-1. Info. ). Two of them were 7.9 feet (2.4 meters) long, and the other two were 9.5 feet (2.9 meters) long. Sputnik 1, named after the Russian word for “satellite,” was launched by the Soviet Union. This exploded view of the Sputnik 1 satellite reveals what its insides look like. Please refresh the page and try again. Sputnik’s official designation was “PS-1” or “Elementary Satellite 1” in Russian. Top image: The Soviet Union successfully launched the Sputnik 1 satellite on Oct. 4, 1957, surprising the world and kicking off the space race. Sputnik 1 was launched on October 4, 1957, from the Baikonur Cosmodrome aboard a modified R-7 Semerka, the world's first intercontinental ballistic missile. Following the Sputnik 2 launch, a team composed of the Von Braun group from the Army Ballistic Missile Agency--for the launch vehicle--and one from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California--for the space capsule --the latter headed by William H. Pickering, was given the nod to put up the first US satellite. [Sputnik: How the World's 1st Artificial Satellite Worked (Infographic)]. Thus, began the space age. Back in October 1957, Little Richard was doing a concert tour in Australia. This was the first human-made satellite. The orbit of Sputnik 1 is traced on globe designed by NASA engineer Robert Farquhar. And if you have a news tip, correction or comment, let us know at: community@space.com. Sputnik was 10 times the size of the first planned U.S. satellite, Explorer, which launched on Jan. 31, … On Oct. 4, 1957, Sputnik 1 successfully launched and entered Earth's orbit. The USSR achieved the first successful artificial satellite launch on October 4, 1957 of Sputnik 1, and sent the first human to space with the orbital flight of Yuri Gagarin on April 12, 1961. The first published mathematical study of the possibility of an artificial satellite was - WorldAtlas The Soviet Union rocketed Sputnik into space on Oct. 4, 1957. Each year, the first week of October kicks off the United Nation's World Space Week, which celebrates the world's achievements in space since the dawn of the Space Age on Oct. 4, 1957 with the launch of Sputnik, the world's first artificial satellite. These ensured that the satellite transmitted radio signals equally in all directions regardless of its rotation. © Four radio antennas trailed behind the spacecraft's spherical body. In 1952, the International Council of Scientific Unions decided to establish the International Geophysical Year. The word 'Sputnik' originally meant 'fellow traveler,' but has become synonymous with 'satellite.' Sputnik 3, the first multipurpose space-science satellite placed in orbit. Sovfoto/Universal Images Group/Getty Images. Sputnik: The Beep Heard Round the World, The Birth of the Space Age, Beyond the Atmosphere: Early Years of Space Science, Challenge to Apollo: Pt 1 The Soviet Union and the Space Race, 1945 - 1974, Exploring the Unknown: Selected Documents in the History of the U.S. Civil Space Program, Orders of Magnitude: A History of the NACA and NASA, 1915 - 1990, "Announcement of the First Satellite," from Pravda, October 5, 1957, A Report On An Artificial Earth Satellite, A Report On the Feasibility of Development of an Artificial Earth Satellite, Synopsis of Report on Development of Conceptual Design of an Artificial Earth Satellite, Proposals of First Launches of Artificial Earth Satellites, Preliminary Considerations Of Prospective Work On The Development Of Outer Space. The Sputnik 1 satellite launched on a rocket of a similar name: Sputnik-PS. The Soviet Union inaugurates the “Space Age” with its launch of Sputnik, the world’s first artificial satellite. Atlas V rocket to launch SBIRS GEO-5 missile warning satellite, Discovery Channel's 'Who Wants To Be An Astronaut' will launch a contest winner into orbit with Axiom Space, Rocket Lab investigates launch failure, begins inspecting recovered booster, Watch an Atlas V rocket launch US Space Force missile-warning satellite today, On This Day in Space! The world's first artificial satellite was about the size of a beach ball (58 cm.or 22.8 inches in diameter), weighed only 83.6 kg. The world's first artificial satellite was about the size of a beach ball (58 cm.or 22.8 inches in diameter), weighed only 83.6 kg. History changed on October 4, 1957, when the Soviet Union successfully launched Sputnik I. Because the booster didn't reach full power during liftoff, Sputnik ended up orbiting about 310 miles (500 km) lower than it was designed to go. Sixty years ago the Soviet Union successfully launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial Earth satellite, marking an important milestone in the history of space exploration. Hurriedly prepared to take advantage of the propaganda value of the first satellite, Sputnik 2 utilized an animal habitat and carried the dog Laika, the first animal to orbit the Earth. (tip: use the filter on the left hand side to narrow your results.). Top image: The Soviet Union successfully launched the Sputnik 1 satellite on Oct. 4, 1957, surprising the world and kicking off the space race. “The earlier satellites, such as Sputnik, have all re-entered the atmosphere,” says Flohrer. What Was the First Satellite Launched Into Space? Normally, we only include NASA-created material, but because Sputnik predates NASA and was instrumental in the creation of NASA as an agency, the papers at the Eisenhower Library are a vital part of the story. The satellite inspired the world 'beatnik' Sputnik 1's huge cultural impact can be seen in the spate of … If you would like to request a specific document, please note the Record Number and include that in your email. A list from our Document Managent System showing our holdings. NY 10036. Find out how to celebrate World Space Week 2020 here. Luna 2 Soviet moon probe, 1959.
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